checkinstall is a handy tool which automagically creates packages from source. It’s pretty straightforward to use and very handy if you need to quickly create a package.
The typical usage is:
make
fakeroot checkinstall --install=0
Now you can just install created package with package manager. You can also pass install command if needed (defaults to make install).
Debian has really comprehensive manual on package creation – Debian New Maintainers’ Guide. Everyone who is serious about this should go right there.
Here’s just a kick-start:
dh_make -s -c gpl -e maintainer@mail.tld -f path/to/tarball-orig.tar.gz
For other arguments and options look into dh_make(8) manual. Now you just edit or delete the templates in debian/ directory and create the package:
debuild
or:
dpkg-buildpackage
or:
fakeroot debian/rules binary
See manuals on how to sign package.